LESSON PLAN 6 - ADJECTIVES

Grade level: Grade Seven

Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:

a. define adjective.

b. distinguish shades of meaning among closely related adjectives.

c. use adjectives to write their own sentences

Subject Matter: Adjectives

Reference/s:

Grammar Monster.(n.d.) What Are Adjectives?. Retrieved from https://www.grammar-monster.com/lessons/adjectives.htm

Images and Worksheets Retrieved from:

https://images.app.goo.gl/BQ462xsuAu9eemV1A

https://images.app.goo.gl/aZGN3nvkhfpkCaaU8

https://images.app.goo.gl/3N5St9KbntnSYFDW9

https://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/adjectives/adjective-worksheets.html

https://englishforeveryone.org/PDFs/order%20of%20adjectives.pdf

Materials:

Laptop
Projector
PowerPoint Presentation
Worksheets

Procedure:

A. Activity

a. Recall

Prayers and Greetings

Checking of Attendance

The teacher asks the students about the topic they last discussed in the subject and briefly discussed the relationship of this to the new subject matter.

b. Motivation

Describing the day!

The teacher calls someone to describe their day. Like show and tell, students come to the front of the class and use adjectives to describe their day so far.

Describe your morning so far.
Describe what you had for lunch.
Tell us about your maths class.

B. Analysis

After the short sharing, the teacher will ask the students with the following questions:

1. What did you notice about our activity?

2. Is describing something is easy for you?

3. How did you describe things?

C. Abstraction

Adjectives

This infographic shows where an adjective sits in relation to the noun it describes:

Adjectives are words that describe nouns (or pronouns). "Old," "green," and "cheerful" are examples of adjectives. (It might be useful to think of adjectives as "describing words.")

Examples of Adjectives

Here are some examples of adjectives. (In each example, the adjective is highlighted.)

Adjective Before the Noun

An adjective usually comes directly before the noun it describes (or "modifies," as grammarians say).

old man

green coat

cheerful one

("One" is a pronoun. Don't forget that adjectives modify pronouns too.)

When adjectives are used like this, they're called attributive adjectives.

Adjective After the Noun

An adjective can come after the noun.

Jack was old.
It looks green.
He seems cheerful.

In the three examples above, the adjectives follow linking verbs ("was," "looks," and "seems") to describe the noun or pronoun. (When adjectives are used like this, they're called predicative adjectives.)

Adjective Immediately After the Noun

Sometimes, an adjective comes immediately after a noun.

the Princess Royal
time immemorial
body beautiful
the best seats available
the worst manners imaginable

When adjectives are used like this, they're called postpositive adjectives. Postpositive adjectives are more common with pronouns.

someone interesting
those present
something evil

Nouns Used as Adjectives

Many words that are usually nouns can function as adjectives. For example:

autumn colors
boat race
computer shop
Devon cream
electricity board
fruit fly

Here are some real-life examples:

Not all face masks are created equal. (Entrepreneur Hannah Bronfman)
You cannot make a revolution with silk gloves. (Premier Joseph Stalin)

When used as adjectives, nouns are known as attributive nouns.

Participles Used as Adjectives

Formed from a verb, a participle is a word that can be used as an adjective. There are two types of participle:

The present participle (ending -"ing")
The past participle (usually ending -"ed," -"d," -"t," -"en," or -"n")

Here are some examples of participles as verbs:

The most exciting phrase to hear in science, the one that heralds new discoveries, is not "Eureka!" but "That's funny." (Writer Isaac Asimov)
Always be wary of any helpful item that weighs less than its operating manual. (Author Terry Pratchett)
While the spoken word can travel faster, you can't take it home in your hand. Only the written word can be absorbed wholly at the convenience of the reader. (Educator Kingman Brewster)
We all have friends and loved ones who say 60 is the new 30. No, it's the new 60. (Fashion model Iman)

A participle is classified as a verbal (a verb form that functions as a noun or an adjective).

Infinitives Used as Adjectives

An infinitive verb (e.g., "to run," "to jump") can also function as an adjective.

No human creature can give orders to love. (French novelist George Sand) (Here, the infinitive "to love" describes the noun "orders.")
Progress is man's ability to complicate simplicity. (Norwegian adventurer Thor Heyerdahl)

(An infinitive will often head its own phrase. Here, the infinitive phrase "to complicate simplicity" describes the noun "ability.")

The Order of Adjectives

When two or more adjectives are strung together, they should be ordered according to the following list:

Placement	Type of Adjective	Examples
1	Article, Demonstrative Determiner, or Possessive Determiner	a, an, the this, that, those, these my, your, his, our
2	Quantity	one, three, ninety-nine
3	Opinion or Observation	beautiful, clever, witty, well-mannered
4	Size	big, medium-sized, small
5	Physical Quality	thin, lumpy, cluttered
6	Shape	square, round, long
7	Age	young, middle-aged, old
8	Colour/Color	red, blue, purple
9	Origin or Religion	French, Buddhist
10	Material	metal, leather, wooden
11	Type	L-shaped, two-sided, all-purpose
12	Purpose, or Attributive Noun	mixing, drinking, cooking service, football, head

Here is an example of a 14-adjective string (shaded) that is ordered correctly:

my two lovely XL thin tubular new white Spanish metallic hinged correcting knee braces.

Regardless of how many adjectives are used (more than 3 is rare), the established order is still followed.

That's a lovely mixing bowl

(1: Determiner 2: Opinion 3: Purpose)

Who's nicked my two black, wooden spoons?

(1: Number 2: Colour 3: Material)

Give your ticket to the Italian old waiter.

(Age comes before origin. Therefore, "the old Italian waiter" would have been better.)

This list of precedence is not universally agreed, but all versions are similar. The area of most dispute is age and shape. The order can change for emphasis too. If there were two old waiters, one Italian and one Spanish, then the wrong example above would be correct, and the word "Italian" would be emphasized.

If you're a native English speaker, you are safe to ignore this list and let your instinct guide you. (Remarkably, you already know this, even if you don't know you know it.)

Using Commas with a List of Adjectives

In order to understand when to use commas between multiple adjectives, you must learn the difference between cumulative adjectives and coordinate adjectives.

With cumulative adjectives, specificity builds with each adjective, so you cannot separate cumulative adjectives with commas, and they must follow the order of precedence in the table above. Coordinate adjectives are different. They describe the noun independently, which means they can follow any order. Coordinate adjectives should be separated with commas or the word "and." Here are some examples of each type:

Cumulative adjectives:

A bright green metal mixing bowl

(These are cumulative adjectives. Their order cannot be changed. They follow the precedent list. There are no commas.)

Coordinate adjectives:

A green, lumpy bowl
A lumpy, green bowl

(These are coordinate adjectives. As shown, their order can be changed. They should be separated with commas or the word "and.")

Compound Adjectives

Not all adjectives are single words. Often, a single adjective will consist of two or more words. A single adjective with more than one word is called a compound adjective. For example:

Happiness is having a large, loving, caring, close-knit family in another city. (Comedian George Burns)
Be a good-looking corpse. Leave a good-looking tattoo. (Actor Ed Westwick)
I like the busted-nose look. (Actor Peter Dinklage)

Compound adjectives are usually grouped with hyphens to show they are one adjective.

Adjective Phrases

In real-life sentences, adjectives are often accompanied by modifiers like adverbs (e.g., "very," "extremely") and prepositional phrases (e.g., "...with me," "...about the man"). In other words, an adjective (shown in bold) will often feature in an "adjective phrase" (shaded).

My bankers are very happy with me. (The popstar formerly known as Prince)

(In this example, the adjective phrase describes "bankers.")

The dragonfly is an exceptionally beautiful insect but a fierce carnivore.

(Here, the adjective phrase describes "insect.")

Here's a more formal definition:

👍Formal Definition for Adjective Phrase

An adjective phrase is a group of words headed by an adjective that describes a noun.

Adjective Clauses

The last thing to say about adjectives is that clauses can also function as adjectives. With an adjective clause, the clause is linked to the noun being described with a relative pronoun ("who," "whom," "whose," "that," or "which") or a relative adverb ("when," "where," or "why"). Like all clauses, it will have a subject and a verb.

The people who make history are not the people who make it but the people who make it and then write about it. (Musician Julian Cope)
I live in that solitude which is painful in youth but delicious in the years of maturity. (Physicist Albert Einstein)

(It can start getting complicated. In the adjective clause above, "painful in youth" and "delicious in the years of maturity" are adjective phrases.)

Here's a formal definition:

👍Formal Definition for Adjective Clause

An adjective clause is a multi-word adjective that includes a subject and a verb.

D. Application

c. Individual Guided Activity

The teacher will call students to answer the following on a 1/4 sheetpaper.

Directions: Choose the correct order of adjectives in the following sentences.

1) The woman is wearing a ________

dress.

A) yellow long

B) long yellow

2) He is a ________ man.

A) tall thin

B) thin tall

3) The company makes ________

products.

A) excellent farming

B) farming excellent

4) James recently departed on a

________ trip.

A) camping long

B) long camping

5) I love eating ________ strawberries.

A) red big

B) big red

6) The ________ woman did well on the

test.

A) intelligent young

B) young intelligent

7) The ticket costs ________ dollars.

A) ten US

B) US ten

8) The scientists have found a ________

cure for the disease.

A) new great

B) great new

9) I am going to wear my ________ tie

to the wedding.

A) big cotton blue

B) blue big cotton

C) big blue cotton

10) Please recycle those ________ bottles.

A) three water empty

B) three empty water

C) water empty three

d. Group Differentiated

Noun Showdown

The students will be divided into four groups. The teacher will show pictures using the projector and the students have a minute to write down as many adjectives as they can. Teams get a point for every adjective that is appropriate. The team with most of the scores will gain five points to be added to their quiz.

E. Evaluation

The teacher will give each student a worksheet. The students will answer the activity and after completing it, they'll pass it back to the teacher.

F. Assignment

The teacher asks the class president to distribute a worksheet for the assignment and collect it the next day before the class starts.

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