LESSON PLAN 7 - ADVERBS

 

Grade level: Grade Seven

Objectives:

                At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

                a. identify and understand how adverbs enhance sentences.

                b. use adverbs as modifiers to express time, place, manner, degree, and frequency.

                c. distinguish adverb from other parts of speech.

Subject Matter: Adverbs

Reference/s:

Grammar Monster.(n.d.) What Are Adverbs?. Retrieved from https://www.grammar-monster.com/lessons/adverbs.htm

Worksheets retrieved from:

http://www.plainlocal.org/userfiles/448/adverb%20Hard.pdf

https://www.k12reader.com/wp-content/uploads/Adverb5_Eating_with_Adverbs.jpg

Materials:

• Laptop
• Projector
• PowerPoint Presentation

Procedure:

A.Activity

a.    Recall

Prayers and Greetings

Checking of Attendance

The teacher asks the students about the topic they last discussed in the subject and briefly discussed the relationship of this to the new subject matter.

b.    Motivation

 

 

B.Analysis

C.Abstraction

Adverbs

What is an adverb?

An adverb is a word that can modify a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. Lots of adverbs end "-ly." For example:

• She swims quickly.
(Here, the adverb "quickly" modifies the verb "swims.")
• She is an extremely quick swimmer.
(The adverb "extremely" modifies the adjective "quick.")
• She swims extremely quickly.
(The adverb "extremely" modifies the adverb "quickly.")

What do adverbs do?

When an adverb modifies a verb, it tells us how, when, where, why, how often, or how much the action is performed. Here are some examples of adverbs modifying verbs:

• How: He ran quickly.
• When: He ran yesterday.
• Where: He ran here.
• How often: He ran daily.
• How much: He ran fastest.

Not all adverbs are one word.

In the examples above, every adverb is a single word, but an adverb can be made up of more than one word. For example:

• How: He ran at 10 miles per hour.
(The bold text is an adverbial phrase.)
• When: He ran when the police arrived.
(The bold text is an adverbial clause.)
• Where: He ran to the shops.
(adverbial phrase)
• Why: He ran to fetch some water.
(This is an adverbial phrase. Look at the list above. There are no single-word adverbs that tell us why.)
• How often: He ran every day.
(adverbial phrase)
• How much: He ran quicker than me.
(adverbial phrase)

Adverbs

When beginners first learn about adverbs, they are often told that adverbs end "-ly" and modify verbs. That is, of course, true, but adverbs do far more than that description suggests. Here are three key points about adverbs:

• (Point 1) Adverbs modify verbs, but they can also modify adjectives and other adverbs.
  
  
  For example:
• She sang an insanely sad song extremely well.
(In this example, "insanely" modifies the adjective "sad," "extremely" modifies the adverb "well," and "well" modifies the verb "sang.")
• (Point 2) Although many adverbs end "-ly," lots do not.
  
  
  For example:
  • fast, never, well, very, most, least, more, less, now, far, there
• (Point 3) In real-life sentences, lots of adverbs are phrases or clauses (i.e., not single words).
  
  
  For example:

  Single-Word Adverb	Adverbial Phrase	Adverbial Clause
  Sell it quickly.	Sell it as soon as possible.	Sell it before the market closes.

  
  

Adverbs Modifying Verbs

An adverb that modifies a verb usually tells you how, when, where, why, how often, or how much the action is performed. (NB: The ones that end "ly" are usually the ones that tell us how the action is performed, e.g., "quickly," "slowly," "carefully," "quietly.")

Here are some examples of adverbs modifying verbs:

• Anita placed the vase carefully on the shelf.
(The word "carefully" is an adverb. It shows how the vase was placed.)
• Tara walks gracefully.
(The word "gracefully" is an adverb. It modifies the verb "to walk.")
• He runs fast.
(The word "fast" is an adverb. It modifies the verb "to run.")
• You can set your watch by him. He always leaves at 5 o'clock.
(The word "always" is an adverb. It modifies the verb "to leave.")
• The dinner guests arrived early.
(Here, "early" modifies "to arrive.")
• She sometimes helps us.
(Here, "sometimes" modifies "to help.")
• Will you come quietly, or do I have to use earplugs? (Comedian Spike Milligan)
(Here, "quietly" modifies "to come.")
• I am the only person in the world I should like to know thoroughly. (Playwright Oscar Wilde)
(Here, "thoroughly" modifies "to know.")

Adverbs Modifying Adjectives

If you examine the word "adverb," you could be forgiven for thinking adverbs only modify verbs (i.e., "add" to "verbs"), but adverbs can also modify adjectives and other adverbs. Here are some examples of adverbs modifying adjectives:

• The horridly grotesque gargoyle was undamaged by the debris.
(The adverb "horridly" modifies the adjective "grotesque.")
• Peter had an extremely ashen face.
(The adverb "extremely" modifies the adjective "ashen.")
• Badly trained dogs that fail the test will become pets.
(The adverb "badly" modifies the adjective "trained.")
(Note: The adjective "trained" is an adjective formed from the verb "to train." It is called a participle.)
• She wore a beautifully designed dress.
(The adverb "beautifully" modifies the adjective "designed.")

Adverbs Modifying Adverbs

Here are some examples of adverbs modifying adverbs:

• Peter Jackson finished his assignment remarkably quickly.
(Here, the adverb "quickly" modifies the verb "to finish." The adverb "remarkably" modifies the adverb "quickly.")
• We're showing kids a world that is very scantily populated with women and female characters. They should see female characters taking up half the planet, which we do. (Actress Geena Davis)
(In this example, the adverb "scantily" modifies the adjective "populated." The adverb "very" modifies the adverb "scantily.")

Types of Adverb

When an adverb modifies a verb, it can often be categorized as one of the following:

Type	Examples
Adverb of Manner (how)	An adverb of manner tells us how an action occurs. The lion crawled stealthily. Will you come quietly, or do I have to use earplugs? (Comedian Spike Milligan) (NB: Lots of adverbs of manner end "-ly.")
Adverb of Time (when and how often)	An adverb of time tells us when an action occurs or how often. I tell him daily. What you plant now, you will harvest later. (Author Og Mandino) (NB: Adverbs of time that tell us how often something occurs (e.g., "always," "often," "sometimes") are also known as "adverbs of frequency.")
Adverb of Place (where)	An adverb of place tells us where an action occurs. I did not put it there. Poetry surrounds us everywhere, but putting it on paper is, alas, not so easy as looking at it. (Artist Vincent Van Gogh)
Adverb of Degree (aka Adverb of Comparison) (how much)	An adverb of degree tells us to what degree an action occurs. He works smarter. Doubters make me work harder to prove them wrong. (Businessman Derek Jeter)

These are the main four categories. We'll discuss the others shortly. Don't forget that adverbs can also modify adjectives and other adverbs.

• To expect the unexpected shows a thoroughly modern intellect. (Playwright Oscar Wilde)
(The adverb "thoroughly" modifies the adjective "modern.")
• If a thing is worth doing, it is worth doing very slowly. (Burlesque entertainer Gypsy Rose Lee)
(The adverb "very" modifies the adverb "slowly.")

Adverbial Phrases and Clauses

In all the examples above, the adverbs have been single words, but multi-word adverbs are common too. Adverbs commonly come as phrases (i.e., two or more words) or clauses (i.e., two or more words containing a subject and a verb). Below are some examples of multi-word adverbs. This list also includes adverbs of condition, adverbs of concession, and adverbs of reason.

Type	Examples
Adverb of Manner	An adverb of manner often starts with a preposition (e.g., "in," "with") or one of the following: "as," "like," or "the way." (These are called subordinating conjunctions.) Money speaks, but it speaks with a male voice. (Author Andrea Dworkin) (This is called a prepositional phrase. It's also an adverbial phrase.) People who say they sleep like a baby does usually don't have one. (Psychologist Leo J. Burke)
Adverb of Time	An adverb of time often starts with a preposition or one of the following subordinating conjunctions: "after," "as," "as long as," "as soon as," "before," "no sooner than," "since," "until," "when," or "while." A company like Gucci can lose millions in a second. (Gucci CEO Marco Bizzarri) After the game has finished, the king and pawn go into the same box. (Italian proverb)
Adverb of Place	An adverb of place often starts with a preposition or one of the following subordinating conjunctions: "anywhere," "everywhere," "where," or "wherever." Opera is when a guy gets stabbed in the back and, instead of bleeding, he sings. (Ed Gardner) Some cause happiness wherever they go; others whenever they go. (Playwright Oscar Wilde)
Adverb of Degree (aka Adverb of Comparison)	An adverb of degree often starts with one of the following subordinating conjunctions: "than," "as...as," "so...as," or "the...the." Nothing is so contagious as enthusiasm. (Poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge) Be what you are. This is the first step toward becoming better than you are. (Writer Julius Charles Hare) Read more about comparatives of adverbs (like "more cleverly").
Adverbs of Condition	An adverb of condition tells us the condition needed before the main idea comes into effect. An adverb of condition often starts with "if" or "unless." If the facts don't fit the theory, change the facts. (Theoretical physicist Albert Einstein) Age doesn't matter, unless you're a cheese. (Filmmaker Luis Bunuel)
Adverbs of Concession	An adverb of concession contrasts with the main idea. An adverb of concession often starts with a subordinating conjunction like "though," "although," "even though," "while," "whereas," or "even if." Although golf was originally restricted to wealthy, overweight Protestants, today it's open to anybody who owns hideous clothing. (Comedian Dave Barry) A loud voice cannot compete with a clear voice, even if it's a whisper. (Writer Barry Neil Kaufman)
Adverbs of Reason	An adverb of reason gives a reason for the main idea. An adverb of reason usually starts with a subordinating conjunction like "as," "because," "given," or "since." I don't have a bank account because I don't know my mother's maiden name. (Comedian Paula Poundstone) Since we cannot change reality, let us change the eyes which see reality. (Greek author Nikos Kazantzakis)

D.Application

a.   Individual Guided Activity

The teacher will ask students to answer the following on a 1/4 sheet of paper.

Underline each adverb in the following sentences. Then, circle the word or words the adverb modifies. On the line provided, write whether the adverb tells

how, when, where, or to what extent.

EXAMPLE 1. Shall we leave now?

_____________ 1. Akio arrived early.

_____________ 2. I can run faster than you.

_____________ 3. Lim Sing seems very sure of herself.

_____________ 4. Later I believed him.

_____________ 5. Our soccer team was too slow.

E.Evaluation

The teacher will be handing out activity sheets to determine if the students understand the lesson for today.

F.Assignment

For the assignment, the teacher asks the students to make an essay with any topics they desire. The essay should indicate the right use of Adverbss and must have a minimum of 250 words.

Criterion	Description	Point	Score
Quality of Writing	Very informative and well-organized	10
Grammar, Usage & Mechanics	Virtually no spelling, punctuation or grammatical errors and used adverbs correctly.	10